Symfony is a widely-used PHP framework that’s lauded for its robustness, flexibility, and comprehensive community support. This article will guide you through the process of installing Symfony Framework on a Rocky Linux 9 system, a popular open-source operating system based on Red Hat Enterprise Linux.

Before we begin, ensure you meet the following prerequisites:

1. You’re running Rocky Linux 9 on your server.
2. You have a fresh OS install to prevent potential issues.
3. You have SSH access to the server (or just open Terminal if you’re on a desktop).
4. You have an active internet connection to download necessary packages and dependencies.
5. You have a non-root sudo user or access to the root user. Acting as a non-root sudo user is recommended as you can potentially harm your system if you’re not careful when acting as the root.
6. The Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux (EPEL) repository is enabled. This provides additional packages not included in the default Rocky Linux repositories.

Step-by-step Guide

Step 1: Update System Packages

Start by updating all system packages to their latest versions to prevent potential conflicts. You can do this with the following commands:

sudo dnf update
sudo dnf install dnf-plugins-core

Step 2: Install PHP 8

Use Remi’s repository to install PHP 8.1 and the required extensions:

sudo dnf install https://rpms.remirepo.net/enterprise/remi-release-9.rpm
sudo dnf module reset php
sudo dnf module enable php:remi-8.1
sudo dnf install php php-fpm php-mbstring php-xml php-gd php-json php-mysqlnd php-zip php-intl

You can verify the installed PHP version by running: php -v.

Step 3: Install Composer

Next, download and install Composer, the PHP package manager:

cd ~
php -r "copy('https://getcomposer.org/installer', 'composer-setup.php');"
php composer-setup.php --install-dir=/usr/local/bin --filename=composer

Step 4: Install MySQL and Create a Database

For our Symfony application, we’ll use MySQL as the database. Install MySQL server using dnf:

sudo dnf install mysql-server

Start the MySQL service and enable it to start after system reboots:

sudo systemctl start mysqld
sudo systemctl enable mysqld

Run mysql_secure_installation to improve MySQL security. Then, log in with the root MySQL user:

mysql -u root -p

Create a database for Symfony:

CREATE DATABASE symfony_db;

Step 5: Install Nginx and Configure Symfony Stack

We’ll use Nginx as our web server. Install Nginx from the repository:

sudo dnf install nginx

Start Nginx and set it to start automatically on reboot:

sudo systemctl start nginx
sudo systemctl enable nginx

Configure Nginx to work with PHP-FPM, which will process PHP files:

sudo nano /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

Uncomment the following lines by removing the # symbol:

include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;

server {
listen 80;

# note that these lines are originally from the "location /" block
index index.php index.html index.htm;
try_files $uri $uri/ =404; 
}

Save and exit from the file after making the changes, then test the Nginx configuration and restart it:

sudo nginx -t
sudo systemctl restart nginx

Step 6: Install Symfony Framework on Rocky Linux 9

Now, download the Symfony installer to get the symfony CLI command:

wget https://get.symfony.com/cli/installer -O - | bash

Ensure the Symfony CLI is correctly installed by checking its version: symfony -v.

Step 7: Create a New Symfony Project

Use the Symfony CLI to create a new project. This command sets up a new Symfony project in the specified directory:

symfonynewmy_project --webapp

Set permissions for the web server:

chown -R nginx:nginx my_project
chmod -R 755 my_project

This will create a new Symfony project called my_project with a default directory structure.

Step 8: Configure Nginx Web Server

Now, we’ll configure Nginx to serve our Symfony application using the my_project/public directory.

Create an Nginx virtual host configuration file:

sudo nano /etc/nginx/conf.d/myproject.conf

Add the following configuration:

server {
listen 80;
listen [::]:80;

root /home/youruser/symfony-project/my_project/public;
index index.php index.html index.htm;

server_name symfony-project.test;

location / {
try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php$is_args$args;
}

location ~ \\\.php$ {
try_files $uri =404;
fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php-fpm/php-fpm.sock; 
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
}

Check the Nginx configuration and reload it:

sudo nginx -t
sudo systemctl reload nginx

Step 9: Configure Environment Variables

Update the .env file with your database credentials:

nano .env

Update the following lines with your database credentials:

DATABASE_URL="mysql://db_user:db_password@127.0.0.1:3306/symfony_db"

Replace db_user, db_password with your actual MySQL credentials and symfony_db with your database name.

Step 10: Install Symfony Dependencies

Navigate to your project directory and use Composer to install PHP dependencies for Symfony:

cd my_project
composer install

This will install all libraries that Symfony requires including Twig, Doctrine, etc. under the vendor/ folder.

Step 11: Initialize the Database Schema

The final step is to build our database schema which can be done with the following commands:

php bin/console doctrine:database:create
php bin/console make:migration
php bin/console doctrine:migrations:migrate

This creates the configured database, makes an initial migration, and runs it to build all defined database tables and relationships.

At this point, our Symfony setup is complete! The application can be accessed via the configured Nginx virtual host: http://symfony-project.test.

With the Symfony Framework now installed, you’re ready to start building robust web applications. Remember to check the official Symfony website for additional help or useful information.

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Christian Wells